THE ORIGIN OF THE FIRST AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN CULTURE IN THE SOUTH OF CENTRAL ASIA: GENESIS AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
In the history of Humanity the emergence of cities is a core sign of transition from the barbaric period to civilization, from the tribal system to statehood. In general, the process of civilization and the emergence of the first states went on paralelly with the origin and development of the first cities. The first stages of statehood were also closely connected with the first cities, because the first cities appeared as the centers of the first states, and their development was interdependent. Based on the study of the results of archaeological research conducted in different periods in the southern regions of Central Asia, we have put forward the following tasks: to examine the emergence of the first agricultural culture in the region and its historical roots, to consider the factors that led to the formation of the first cities of the Bronze Age, as well as to present a brief account of the stages of development of the urban culture of that period and the general aspects of its reflection in material culture.Also in hereby article in accordance with the study of material cultural monuments of the Bronze Age found in ancient Bactria and Margiana by archaeologists of different countries in recent years, there were made scientific conclusions on the factors of the origin of the first agricultural culture and the first cities in the country, the relationship of the region with the material culture of the city-states of the Ancient East, especially ancient India, Mesopotamia and Central Iran.
Bronze Age, urbanization, migration, Oltintepa, Namazgoh, Sopollitepa, fire-worshiper.