GROUNDWATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION AND DROUGHT ANALYSIS IN MULBAGAL TALUK USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
The groundwater table variation before and after the monsoon seasons, rainfall distribution analysis and drought analysis are discussed in this paper. The groundwater level data and elevation data are used for fluctuation study which were obtained from the field measurements and from CGWB. Mann Kendall’s and Sen’s slope methods are used to analyze the trend of water level fluctuation in the study area, where ANOVA and SPI were used for rainfall and drought analysis. In this region, as there is no perennial rivers, groundwater is the only and important source for all industrial agricultural and day to day activities. Agricultural activities in this region accounts more consumption of groundwater resources. From the analysis, it is found that, in this region most of the places comes under severe drought category. From Mann Kendall’s it has been found that there is a decreasing trend of groundwater levels. A drastic fluctuation in the water table is found where 95 % of the study area is at risk of being overexploited. This indicates that there will soon be a major water supply shortage. Due to decrease of water levels in the aquifers pose a hazard to groundwater quality. It is advised to use an appropriate monitoring system, effective irrigation techniques and efficient groundwater recharge structures. These results provide useful information to ensure sustainable groundwater development.
Rainfall, Mann Kendall’s, SPI, Sen’s slope, Anova