EXAMINING OF ISLAMIC LEADERSHIP MODEL AND WORK PLACE SPIRITUALITY IN ISLAMIC INSTITUTION: EVIDANCE FROM PESANTREN-BASED HIGHER EDUCATION
Leadership effectiveness is highly reliant on the organizational context. Hence, the leadership model must be evaluated according to the organization's context, including in Islamic-based institutions. Utilizing the spiritual leadership model (SLM) framework as the theoretical basis, this study proposed to empirically examine the effect of Islamic leadership model (ILM) implementation on workplace spirituality and further implicated toward lecturers' performance enhancement at Pesantren-based Higher Education (PTBP) as an Islamic institution. This study involved 97 lecturers at 7 PTBP in Bogor, Indonesia, selected based on the stratified random sampling and voluntary sampling method. The collected data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results showed that ILM was less effective in improving lecturers' performance at PTBP. However, ILM positively and significantly affected workplace spirituality and subsequently enhanced all lecturers' performance, including teaching, research, and community service performance. The indirect analysis indicated that workplace spirituality positively mediated the effect of ILM on lecturers' performance. In conclusion, ILM would better enhance the lecturers' performance at PTBP through workplace spirituality enhancement.
Islamic leadership model, workplace spirituality, lecturer performance, pesantren-based higher education