UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF MUSHROOM SPENT: NOVEL ANTIHYPERURICEMIC AGENTS FROM AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCTS
Mushroom spent, often overlooked as waste, holds potential as a source of bioactive compounds with antihyperuricemic properties. This study aimed to screen bioactive compounds in Pleurotus mushroom spent and evaluate their efficacy as xanthine oxidase inhibitors for managing conditions like gout. The qualitative screening of bioactive compounds in oyster mushroom fruit and spent was conducted via HPLC analysis at Sirius Solar Systems Technology Corp., Tagaytay City. Reference samples including quercetin, coumarin, and catechin, established in previous studies, were used for comparison. Allopurinol, a common drug for gout treatment, was also tested. Employing ethyl acetate and methanol solvents aimed to maximize the recovery of bioactive constituents. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of key bioactive compounds, including quercetin, coumarin, and catechin, corresponding to standard compounds. Both polar and non-polar constituents were effectively extracted and identified. The screening demonstrated significant amounts of bioactive compounds in both fruiting bodies and spent, supporting their potential antihyperuricemic properties and highlighting the importance of utilizing agricultural by-products for medicinal purposes. Using methanol extraction, four bioactive compounds were detected in air-dried oyster mushrooms: catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, and coumarin. Catechin, known for its xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, was prominently present. Coumarin also showed potential anti-gout effects. Ethyl acetate extraction revealed quercetin and catechin, reinforcing their bioactive properties and suggesting the presence of other beneficial compounds. Mushroom spent extracted in methanol exhibited catechin and coumarin, indicating potential antihyperuricemic activity. Ethyl acetate extraction showed catechin and unidentified compounds. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory assays demonstrated significant activity in oyster mushroom samples compared to allopurinol, despite variations among extracts. Mycochemical testing revealed flavonoids and other compounds, suggesting their contribution to xanthine oxidase inhibition. Flavonoid content varied among extracts, with fruit exhibiting the highest concentration. Acute oral toxicity testing indicated the safety of mushroom extracts, with LD50 estimated between 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg. In vivo studies confirmed antihyperuricemic activity, with fruit and spent extracts significantly reducing serum uric acid levels, albeit less potent than allopurinol. Dose-dependency was observed, emphasizing the potential of oyster mushrooms as natural alternatives for managing conditions like gout.
Mushroom Spent, Bioactive Compounds, Antihyperuricemic, Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition, Pleurotus Mushroom, HPLC Screening, Mycochemical Analysis, In Vitro Assay, In Vivo Study, Alternative Medicine.