EFFECT OF FERTILIZER TYPES AND RATES ON GRAIN YIELD AND ITS ATTRIBUTES OF WINTER CEREALS UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
A field experiment was carried out to estimate the effect of two fertilizer types (Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and Urea) on grain yield and its attributes of winter cereals barley (Hordeum distichum L.), triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) and oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivated under rainfed conditions. It was accomplished at two locations, Farm of Field Crops Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, at Sumail and Agricultural Research Station at Zakho during 2021-2022 growing season. The experiment was split -split plot design in RCB layout with three factors and three replicates. The rates of both fertilizers (DAP and Urea) used (0, 100 and 200 kg.ha-1). The results showed that there were fluctuations between significant and non-significant in terms of grain yield and its attributes among cereal types at both sites Sumail and Zakho. Regarding to fertilizer types, there were no significant differences in all traits except the average weight (g) of grain per spike or panicle and weight (g) of 1000 kernels for Sumail site. While at Zakho site, there were significant differences in all studied traits except spike length (cm) and weight (g) of 1000 kernels. Otherwise, fertilizer rates showed positively significant effect on all studied traits except harvest index which revealed no significant at both sites Sumail and Zakho. All interaction were significant with exception harvest index.
DAP, Urea, barley, triticale, oat, yield attributes and grain yield