MOTIVATION AND ENGAGEMENT MODEL TO REDUCE ATTRITION RATE IN INDIAN IT SECTOR
This paper highlights the evolution of the Indian IT industry from the foundation of TCS in 1967 to its establishment as a multibillion-dollar industry in 2021. Two of its challenges- low levels of employee engagement and high attrition rate are analysed. The causes for these are ascertained and a model to improve employee engagement and reduce attrition rate in the Indian IT sector is constructed. Information about Indian IT sector was obtained through news articles in Times of India, Hindustan Times, Deccan Herald, Economic Times, and LiveMint etc. Keywords like Indian IT Sector, Employee Motivation, Employee Engagement, Job Satisfaction and Attrition were given in Google Scholar. Top 20 cited articles for each searched keyword from 1980 to 2022 were obtained. The abstracts of those articles were read to gauge relevance to the research topic and a total of 77 articles were read. Also, information about the keywords was searched in various OB and HRM textbooks. From systematic literature review, definitions of motivation, employee engagement, job satisfaction and attrition rate which are relevant to the research study are constructed, thereby lending conceptual clarity to these constructs. A model is constructed linking motivation, employee engagement, and job satisfaction and attrition rate. The theoretical implications of the model like including individual factors, organizational commitment and turnover intentions in the model are discussed. Practical implications of the model like implementation of model in the industry and across countries with varying cultures is discussed. Finally, the limitations of the study wherein only a few variables were used to create the model are also discussed.
Attrition Rate, Employee Engagement, Indian IT Industry, Job Satisfaction, Motivation.